[Erolast]

http://jsfiddle.net/00zLmLoe/ //not work

Туплю, event.target надо брать:

<div class="cal_event">1</div>
<div class="cal_event">2</div>
<div class="cal_event">3</div>
<div class="table">Показать</div>

<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(".cal_event").on("click", function(event) {
    var calEvent = event.target;
    $(".table").on("click", function() {
        alert($(calEvent).text());
    });
});
</script>