[Dilettante_Pro]

Так какой признак отбора? Наличие data-text?

<span class="h-card"><span class="VALUE" data-text="Frank Sinatra"><span class="test" data-text="Test "></span></span></span>
<script>
  var classes = [];
  document.querySelectorAll('span[data-text]').forEach(function(el){
          classes.push(el.classList);
   })
   alert(JSON.stringify(classes));
</script>