[SuperZen]

let data = [
  {
    "type": 1,
    "date": "2018-01-17 11:00:00",
    "name": "Petrov"
  },
  {
    "type": 1,
    "date": "2018-01-17 12:00:00",
    "name": "Ivanov"
  },
  {
    "type": 2,
    "date": "2018-01-17 11:00:00",
    "name": "Vasiliev"
  },
  {
    "type": 2,
    "date": "2018-01-17 12:00:00",
    "name": "Zaycev"
  }
]

let result = data.reduce((p, c, i, a) => {
  !p[c.type] && (p[c.type] = {
    names: [],
    dates: [],
    values: 0
  })
  p[c.type].names.push(c.name)
  p[c.type].dates.push(c.date)
  p[c.type].values++
  return p
}, {})

// перебрать
Object.entries(result).forEach(([key, value]) => console.log(key, value))

и

var new_par_1 = [
names: ["Petrov", "Ivanov"]...

Так не может быть, те, в массиве не может быть key:value, может быть только value