[Vlasenko Fedor]

const tree = (obj, path) => {
    let keys = path.split('.'),
        key;
    while (key = keys.shift()) {
        typeof obj[key] === 'undefined' && (obj[key] = {});
        obj = obj[key];
    }
    return obj;
};

let data = {};
tree(data, '010.000.000.000.000.000');
tree(data, '010.010.000.000.000.000');
tree(data, '010.010.000.000.000.010');
tree(data, '010.010.010.000.000.000');
tree(data, '010.010.010.010.000.000');
tree(data, '010.010.010.010.000.010');
tree(data, '010.010.010.010.000.020');
tree(data, '010.010.010.020.000.000');
tree(data, '010.010.010.020.000.010');
tree(data, '010.010.010.020.000.020');

console.dir(data);

Вариант