repz,
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Untitled</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<script>
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
const elems = document.querySelectorAll(".badge");
elems.forEach(elem => {
const { content } = elem.dataset;
elem.insertAdjacentHTML("afterend", `<p>${content}</p>`)
})
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<span class="badge" data-content="Иванов"><i class="fa fa-gavel"></i> </span>
<span class="badge" data-content="Петров"><i class="fa fa-gavel"></i> </span>
<span class="badge" data-content="Сидоров"><i class="fa fa-gavel"></i> </span>
</body>
</html>