pevec1,
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Untitled</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style type="text/css">
.red{
background-color: hsla(0, 100%, 50%, 1);
}
</style>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function() {
$(".test").each(function(indx, el){
Object.keys($(el).data()).length && $(el).addClass("red")});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<li class="test" data-ft5g="">пример</li>
<li class="test" >пример</li>
<li class="test" data-ft5g="">пример</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>